6.2 KiB
Customization & Theming
Components reference semantic CSS variable tokens. Change the variables to change every component.
Contents
- How it works (CSS variables → Tailwind utilities → components)
- Color variables and OKLCH format
- Dark mode setup
- Changing the theme (presets, CSS variables)
- Adding custom colors (Tailwind v3 and v4)
- Border radius
- Customizing components (variants, class, wrappers)
- Checking for updates
How It Works
- CSS variables defined in
:root(light) and.dark(dark mode). - Tailwind maps them to utilities:
bg-primary,text-muted-foreground, etc. - Components use these utilities — changing a variable changes all components that reference it.
Color Variables
Every color follows the name / name-foreground convention. The base variable is for backgrounds, -foreground is for text/icons on that background.
| Variable | Purpose |
|---|---|
--background / --foreground |
Page background and default text |
--card / --card-foreground |
Card surfaces |
--primary / --primary-foreground |
Primary buttons and actions |
--secondary / --secondary-foreground |
Secondary actions |
--muted / --muted-foreground |
Muted/disabled states |
--accent / --accent-foreground |
Hover and accent states |
--destructive / --destructive-foreground |
Error and destructive actions |
--border |
Default border color |
--input |
Form input borders |
--ring |
Focus ring color |
--chart-1 through --chart-5 |
Chart/data visualization |
--sidebar-* |
Sidebar-specific colors |
--surface / --surface-foreground |
Secondary surface |
Colors use OKLCH: --primary: oklch(0.205 0 0) where values are lightness (0–1), chroma (0 = gray), and hue (0–360).
Dark Mode
Class-based toggle via .dark on the root element. In SvelteKit, use mode-watcher (see Dark mode — Svelte):
<script lang="ts">
import { ModeWatcher } from "mode-watcher";
let { children } = $props();
</script>
<ModeWatcher />
{@render children?.()}
Changing the Theme
Use a preset from the design-system builder on shadcn-svelte.com and pass it to init:
npx shadcn-svelte@latest init --preset <code>
Or edit CSS variables directly in the file set in components.json as tailwind.css (for example src/app.css).
To align config and components with a new preset, re-run init with --preset and confirm overwrites when prompted.
Adding Custom Colors
Add variables to the global CSS file path in components.json (tailwind.css). Do not create a second global CSS file for theming unless the project already uses that pattern.
/* 1. Define in the global CSS file. */
:root {
--warning: oklch(0.84 0.16 84);
--warning-foreground: oklch(0.28 0.07 46);
}
.dark {
--warning: oklch(0.41 0.11 46);
--warning-foreground: oklch(0.99 0.02 95);
}
/* 2a. Register with Tailwind v4 (@theme inline). */
@theme inline {
--color-warning: var(--warning);
--color-warning-foreground: var(--warning-foreground);
}
On Tailwind v3, register in tailwind.config.js (see the Tailwind v3 docs if you maintain a legacy setup):
// 2b. Register with Tailwind v3 (tailwind.config.js).
module.exports = {
theme: {
extend: {
colors: {
warning: "oklch(var(--warning) / <alpha-value>)",
"warning-foreground":
"oklch(var(--warning-foreground) / <alpha-value>)",
},
},
},
};
<!-- 3. Use in components. -->
<div class="bg-warning text-warning-foreground">Warning</div>
Border Radius
--radius controls border radius globally. Components derive values from it (rounded-lg = var(--radius), rounded-md = calc(var(--radius) - 2px)).
Customizing Components
See also: rules/styling.md for Incorrect/Correct examples.
Prefer these approaches in order:
1. Built-in variants
<script lang="ts">
import { Button } from "$lib/components/ui/button";
</script>
<Button variant="outline" size="sm">Click</Button>
2. Tailwind classes via class
<script lang="ts">
import * as Card from "$lib/components/ui/card";
</script>
<Card.Root class="mx-auto max-w-md">
<Card.Content>...</Card.Content>
</Card.Root>
3. Add a new variant
Edit the component source to add a variant via tailwind-variants / cva in the .svelte or shared variants file:
// e.g. in button variants
warning: "bg-warning text-warning-foreground hover:bg-warning/90",
4. Wrapper components
Compose shadcn-svelte primitives into higher-level .svelte files:
<script lang="ts">
import * as AlertDialog from "$lib/components/ui/alert-dialog";
let { title, description, onConfirm, children } = $props();
let open = $state(false);
</script>
<AlertDialog.Root bind:open>
<AlertDialog.Trigger>
{@render children?.()}
</AlertDialog.Trigger>
<AlertDialog.Content>
<AlertDialog.Header>
<AlertDialog.Title>{title}</AlertDialog.Title>
<AlertDialog.Description>{description}</AlertDialog.Description>
</AlertDialog.Header>
<AlertDialog.Footer>
<AlertDialog.Cancel>Cancel</AlertDialog.Cancel>
<AlertDialog.Action
onclick={() => {
onConfirm?.();
open = false;
}}>Confirm</AlertDialog.Action
>
</AlertDialog.Footer>
</AlertDialog.Content>
</AlertDialog.Root>
Checking for Updates
npx shadcn-svelte@latest update button
npx shadcn-svelte@latest update --all
See Updating Components in SKILL.md. Review git diff after update to see what changed.